Access audio description by using the widget below the video.)Īccess the text alternative for “Making of a Boeing Airplane” (opens in new window).Ĭellular layouts combine some aspects of both product and fixed-position layouts. (Note that this video has no narration only instrumental music. To see an excellent example of fixed-position layout, watch the following video that shows how Boeing builds an airplane. Source: Adapted from Operations Management, 9th edition, by Gaither/Frazier. An Example of a Fixed-Position Facility Layout. The fixed-position layout is also common for on-site services such as housecleaning services, pest control, and landscaping.įigure 3. Limited space at the project site often means that parts of the product must be assembled at other sites, transported to the fixed site, and then assembled. Products that are impossible to move-ships, airplanes, and construction projects-are typically produced using a fixed-position layout. A fixed-position layout lets the product stay in one place while workers and machinery move to it as needed. Some products cannot be put on an assembly line or moved about in a plant. You can view the transcript for “Office Space – Jansen” (opens in new window) or text alternative for “Office Space – Jansen” (opens in new window). In the following video, Jansen, a Swiss steel maker, describes how the company’s offices were designed to maximize the productivity and creativity of its engineers: For example, a manufacturer of custom machinery would use a process layout.įigure 2. The process layout is best for firms that produce small numbers of a wide variety of products, typically using general-purpose machines that can be changed rapidly to new operations for different product designs. For example, all grinding would be done in one area, all assembling in another, and all inspection in yet another. Products pass from one workstation to another (but not necessarily to every workstation). All workers performing similar tasks are grouped together. The process layout arranges workflow around the production process. There are four main types of facility layouts: process, product, fixed-position, and cellular. It may be more convenient for a hospital to place its freight elevators in the center of the building, for example, but doing so may block the flow of patients, visitors, and medical personnel between floors and departments. Service organizations must also consider layout, but they are more concerned with how it affects customer behavior. A manufacturer might opt for a U-shaped production line, for example, rather than a long, straight one, to allow products and workers to move more quickly from one area to another. The goal is to determine the most efficient and effective design for the particular production process. After the site location decision has been made, the next focus in production planning is the facility’s layout.
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